Esmaeilzadeh M, Heidarian E, Shaghaghi M, Roshanmehr H, Najafi M, Moradi A, Nouri A. Pharm Biol. gallic acid—it could equally infer that gallic acid or delphini-din offers direct antioxidant protection resulting in protec-tion of GSH. Gallic acid (A) had the highest antioxidant capacity with 61% RSA, followed by protocatechuic acid (B), 35% RSA; chlorogenic acid (C), 28% RSA and vanillic acid had the lowest value of 11% RSA. 2013;36(8):1341-7. doi: 10.1248/bpb.b13-00276. National Center for Biotechnology Information, Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. Gallic acid seems to have anti-fungal and anti-viral properties. A push‐pull effect is always necessary, and ester or amide bonds seem well adapted to increase the antioxidant efficiency. contained in this article in third party publications it in a third party non-RSC publication you must In this current study, the effects of GA on mushroom tyrosinase, tyrosinase inhibitory activity, and melanin content were assessed in B16 melanoma cells (B16 cells). "Reproduced from" can be substituted with "Adapted from". with the reproduced material. Reproduced material should be attributed as follows: If the material has been adapted instead of reproduced from the original RSC publication 2020 Oct 16;15:7995-8018. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S270242. This compound has antioxidant properties (an antioxidant is a substance that protects the body’s cells from the harmful free radicals) and helps to protect our cells against oxidative damage. Starting from the bioavailability and the biosynthetic pathway of gallic acid, this review includes various in vitro, in vivo and in silico studies providing the mode of action, radical scavenging activity, ability to inhibit lipid peroxidation, maintenance of endogenous defense systems and metal ion chelation by this triphenolic molecule, along with a comprehensive overview of factors responsible for its high antioxidant activity. It is important to recognise that the observed association between protection by GA and protection of GSH cannot in itself establish that an increase in intracellular GSH is responsible for the protective effects of gallic acid—it could equally infer that gallic acid or delphinidin offers direct antioxidant protection resulting in protection of GSH. Deoxyribose assay. The Pseudophase Model Interpretation of the “Cutoff Effect”. Gallic acid acts as a antioxidant and helps to protect our cells against oxidative damage. Gallic acid (GA) is a natural phenolic compound that possesses various biological effects, including antioxidant, anti‑inflammatory, antibiotic, anticancer, antiviral and cardiovascular protection activities. ORAC (Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity) ORAC (Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity) values are a measure of the antioxidant activity. In particular, gallic acid, an antioxidant present in foods like tea and wine and produced by the gut microbiota, can push potentially cancerous proteins to cause tumours in the colon. Our results are similar to those reported by Rice-Evans et al. 2.4. Gallic acid is used as a remote astringent in cases of internal haemorrhage. Polyphenols form an important class of naturally occurring antioxidants, having innumerable biological activities such as anticancer, antifungal, antibacterial, antiviral, antiulcer and anticholesterol, to name a few. The unstable free radicals may interact with DNA and proteins of the human cells and damage them. This article is part of the themed collection: For reproduction of material from all other RSC journals and books: For reproduction of material from all other RSC journals. Gallic acid is a well-known natural antioxidant that is basically a secondary polyphenolic metabolite. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2013 , 61 (26) , 6533-6543. The Values in percentage ranged from 27.26 to 89.78%. XX is the XXth reference in the list of references. to reproduce figures, diagrams etc. In this current study, the effects of GA on mushroom tyrosinase, tyrosinase inhibitory activity, and melanin content were assessed in B16 melanoma cells (B16 cells). Authors contributing to RSC publications (journal articles, books or book chapters) Epub 2013 Jun 4. NIH The differences in levels … Inhibitory effect of p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol on tyrosinase activity and melanogenesis. The anti-peroxide activity in the bulk oil system decreased in the order of methyl gallate>gallic acid>α-tocopherol. Second, under the oxidation conditions applied, it was observed that the hydrophilic and/or lipophilic character affects drastically the antioxidant activity of gallic acid derivatives. catechin and quercetin, also led to the synthesis of dextran molecules with antioxidant activity. 2020 Nov 27;295(48):16251-16266. doi: 10.1074/jbc.RA119.012330. Gallic acid h as been reported t o exert both pro-oxidant and antioxidant activities [13]. UVA-induced melanogenesis and modulation of glutathione redox system in different melanoma cell lines: the protective effect of gallic acid. The existing literature on this dual behavior of gallic acid and its derivatives is reviewed here. Gallic acid is a trihydroxybenzoic acid with the formula C6H2(OH)3CO2H. However, gallic acid itself also appears to have antioxidant, anticarcinogenic and antiangiogenic activity in vitro. 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